I-Silicone Enobungani Nokuvikeleka Kwemvelo vs I-Polyurethane Sealant Yikuphi Okuluhlaza Kakhulu?

Kwezinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi,Isivalo se-Silicone Esinobungani Nemveloyisinqumo esiluhlaza. Izinzuzo ze-silicone zemvelo zivela emvelaphi yayo esuselwe esihlabathini kanye nokuqina okuphezulu. Ukuthembela kwe-polyurethane kuphethiloli kuyinika indawo enkulu emvelweni. Zombili izinto zibamba amasheya abalulekile emakethe yokwakha, okwenza lo mehluko ube yinto ebalulekile ekwakheni okusimeme.

Imakethe yomhlaba wonke yama-sealant womabili inkulu futhi kulindeleke ukuthi ikhule, okugqamisa ukusetshenziswa kwawo kabanzi.

Ukukhetha i-Silicone Sealant Enobungani Nokuvikelwa Kwemvelo kuvame ukunciphisa umthelela wesikhathi eside kwezemvelo.

Isigaba 1 Somjikelezo Wokuphila: Izinto Zokusetshenziswa Nokukhiqiza

 

Uhambo lwe-sealant lwezemvelo luqala ngezinto zalo zokusetshenziswa. Imvelaphi yalezi zinto idala umehluko omkhulu wokuqala phakathi kwe-silicone ne-polyurethane. Enye ivela ezintweni ezivame kakhulu emhlabeni, kanti enye incike kumafutha ancishisiwe.

I-Silicone: Kusukela Esihlabathini Esiningi

Izinto zokuvala ze-siliconezinenzuzo enkulu kwezemvelo esigabeni sezinto zokusetshenziswa. Isakhiwo sazo esiyinhloko yi-silicon, isakhi esitholakala ku-silica, okuyisihlabathi nje. Iplanethi inomhlabathi omningi futhi ocebile.

Inqubo yokukhiqiza iguqula le nto eluhlaza ibe yi-sealant eqinile.

·Okokuqala, abakhiqizi bashisa isihlabathi se-silica nge-carbon esithandweni ukuze bakhiqize insimbi ye-silicon.

Okulandelayo, le nsimbi ye-silicon isabela ne-methyl chloride ukuze idale ama-chlorosilane.

·Okokugcina, inqubo ebizwa ngokuthi i-hydrolysis iguqula lawa ma-chlorosilane abe ama-polymer okugcina e-siloxane akha umgogodla we-silicone sealant.

Le nqubo idla amandla amaningi. Kodwa-ke, ukuthembela kwayo emthonjeni kaphethiloli omningi, ongewona owezinto zasendulo kwenza i-silicone ibe yisiqalo esihle njengezinto eziluhlaza.

I-Polyurethane: Kusukela ku-Oyili Ongahluziwe

Ama-polyurethane sealant alandela indlela ehluke kakhulu. Angama-polymer okwenziwa atholakala ngokuphelele ku-oyili ongahluziwe, umthombo ongavuseleleki. Ukukhiqizwa kwe-polyurethane kuncike ezingxenyeni ezimbili eziyinhloko zamakhemikhali: ama-polyol nama-isocyanates. Zombili lezi ziyimikhiqizo yemboni ye-petrochemical.

Umjikelezo wokuphila we-polyurethane uhlobene nokukhishwa, ukuhluzwa, kanye nokucutshungulwa kwamafutha emvelo. Lokhu kuncika kudala indawo enkulu yemvelo uma kuqhathaniswa nezinto ezisekelwe esihlabathini.

Ukukhishwa nokuhluzwa kukawoyela ongahluziwe kunezingozi zemvelo ezibhalwe kahle, okuhlanganisa ukuphazamiseka kwendawo yokuhlala kanye nokukhishwa kwamagesi okushisa. Lokhu kuncika emthonjeni olinganiselwe kwenza imvelaphi ye-polyurethane ingahlali isikhathi eside kuneye-silicone. Ukukhetha phakathi kwalezi zinto ezingeni lokukhiqiza kuyindlela yokukhetha phakathi kobuningi nokuntuleka.

Isigaba sesi-2 somjikelezo wokuphila: Ukusetshenziswa Nokwelashwa: Impilo kanye Nomthelela Wekhwalithi Yomoya

Umthelela we-sealant udlulela ngale kwezinto zayo zokusetshenziswa kuya ekhwalithini yomoya kanye nempilo yalabo abayisebenzisayo. Ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa nokwelashwa, ama-sealant akhipha amakhemikhali emoyeni. Uhlobo kanye nenani lalokhu kukhishwa kwamakhemikhali kudala umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwe-silicone ne-polyurethane.

Inzuzo ye-Silicone ye-Voc Ephansi

Ama-sealant e-silicone ngokuvamile anikeza inzuzo enkulu maqondana nekhwalithi yomoya yangaphakathi nangaphandle. Abakhiqizi bakha ama-silicone amaningi esimanje ukuze abe namazinga aphansi kakhulu e-Volatile Organic Compounds (ama-VOC). Lawa ma-compound angalimaza impilo yabantu futhi afake isandla ekwakhekeni kwentuthu. Izinhlangano ezilawulayo njenge-South Coast Air Quality Management District (SCAQMD) zibeka amazinga aqinile alokhu kukhishwa ngaphansi kwemithetho efana noMthetho 1168.

Imikhiqizo eminingi ye-silicone esezingeni eliphezulu ihlangabezana kalula nalezi zindinganiso. Isibonelo, ama-sealant ahambisana nezindinganiso ze-LEED v4.1 avame ukuba nokuqukethwe kwe-VOC okungaphansi kwamagremu angu-50 ngelitha (g/L). Ezinye ezikhethekileizinto zokuvala ze-siliconengisho nokufinyelela amazinga angaphansi kuka-30 g/L. Ukukhetha i-silicone sealant engu-100% ephansi ye-VOC kunciphisa ukukhishwa kwamakhemikhali ayingozi, kudala indawo ephephile kokubili kubafaki bezicelo kanye nabahlali besakhiwo.

Izingozi ze-Polyurethane's Isocyanate kanye ne-VOC

Ama-polyurethane sealant aveza izinkinga ezinkulu zempilo ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa. Ukwakheka kwawo kwamakhemikhali kufaka phakathi ama-isocyanates, anamandla okuphefumula kanye nokuzwela isikhumba. Izinhlangano zezempilo ezifana ne-NIOSH kanye ne-OSHA zibone izingozi ezinkulu ezihlobene nalezi zinhlanganisela.

Ama-Isocyanates ayimbangela ehamba phambili ye-asthma yomsebenzi emhlabeni jikelele. Ukuchayeka kungabangela ukucasuka okukhulu emehlweni, esikhumbeni, kanye nasemzimbeni wokuphefumula.

Izingozi zempilo ezibangelwa ukuchayeka ku-isocyanate zibhalwe kahle:

·Ukuphefumula kungaholela ezinkingeni zokuphefumula, isicanucanu, kanye noketshezi emaphashini.

·Ukuthintana kwesikhumba kungabangela i-contact dermatitis.

·Ukuvezwa njalo kungaholela ekuzweleni, lapho ngisho nokuxhumana okuncane kakhulu kubangela ukusabela okukhulu kokungezwani komzimba njengokuhlaselwa yisifuba somoya.

Nakuba ezinye izivalo ze-polyurethane zakhiwe ngama-VOC aphansi, ukuba khona kwama-isocyanate kusalokhu kuyinkinga ebalulekile yezempilo nokuphepha. Le ngozi yenza umoya ofanele kanye nemishini yokuzivikela yomuntu siqu (i-PPE) kubaluleke kakhulu ngesikhathi sokufaka, okwengeza ungqimba lwengozi olungavami ukuhlotshaniswa nezivalo ze-silicone ze-VOC eziphansi.

Kungani i-Silicone Sealant Enobungani Nemvelo Ivame Ukuwina Ngokuhlala Isikhathi Eside

Ukuqina kuyisisekelo sokuzinza. I-sealant ehlala isikhathi eside idinga ukushintshwa okuncane, ukulondolozwa kwezinsiza kanye nokunciphisa ukuchithwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Kulesi sigaba esibalulekile somjikelezo wokuphila, izakhiwo ezingokwemvelo ze-silicone ziyinika inzuzo ehlukile.

I-Silicone: Imelana ne-UV kanye nesimo sezulu esibi kakhulu

Ama-sealant e-silicone abonisa ukumelana okungavamile nezinto ezicindezela imvelo, ikakhulukazi imisebe ye-UV kanye nokushisa okuphezulu. Lokhu kuqina kuvela emgogodleni wawo wamakhemikhali we-silicon-oxygen ozinzile. Isakhiwo sezinto asiqhekeki kalula ukukhanya kwelanga.

·Isikhathi Eside Sokuphila: Ama-silicone angathathi hlangothi asezingeni eliphezulu angahlala iminyaka engama-20 noma ngaphezulu ekusetshenzisweni kwangaphandle, okunciphisa kakhulu imvamisa yokulungiswa nokufakwa esikhundleni.

·Ukuqina Kwezinga Lokushisa: Irabha ye-silicone ejwayelekile isebenza kahle ebangeni elikhulu lokushisa, ngokuvamile kusukela ku--60°C kuya ku-+230°C (-76°F kuya ku-+446°F). Ihlala iguquguquka emakhazeni abandayo futhi izinzile ekushiseni okuphezulu.

·Ukusebenza Okuqinisekisiwe: Izifundo zesayensi ziqinisekisa ukuqina kwe-silicone. Ngemva kwamahora ayi-1000 okuguga kwe-UV-A, irabha ye-silicone igcina izakhiwo zayo zomshini kangcono kakhulu kunezinye i-polymer eziningi.

Lokhu kusebenza okuqinile kwenzaIsivalo se-Silicone Esinobungani Nemveloukukhetha okuthembekile kokuvikela isimo sezulu isikhathi eside, kusukela ekwakheni izicabha kuya ezivalweni zamafasitela. Amandla ayo okubekezelela amashumi eminyaka elanga nesimo sezulu aqinisa isikhundla sayo njengento eluhlaza.

I-Polyurethane: Iqinile Kodwa Isengozini Yelanga

Ama-polyurethane sealant aziwa ngamandla awo amangalisayo okudabuka kanye nokumelana nokuklwebheka. Akha isibopho esiqinile nesihlala isikhathi eside. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kuqina kuza nokusengozini enkulu elangeni. Izibopho zamakhemikhali eziphilayo ku-polyurethane zisengozini yokuwohloka kwe-UV.

Ukuchayeka elangeni kuqala inqubo yamakhemikhali ehlukanisa izibopho ze-urethane. Lokhu konakala kuholela emiphumeleni engathandeki njengokuphuzi, ukushoba, kanye nokwakheka kwemifantu ebusweni ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Ukuze balwe nalobu buthakathaka obungokwemvelo, abakhiqizi kumele baqinise izithiyo ze-polyurethane ngezithasiselo ezikhethekile.

·Ama-UV stabilizers kanye nama-absorber axutshwa kule fomula.

·Lezi zithasiselo zisiza ukuvikela i-polymer elangeni.

·Ngaphandle kwabo, impilo yesevisi yesivali ekusetshenzisweni kwangaphandle ibizoba mfushane kakhulu.

Nakuba lezi zithasiselo zithuthukisa ukusebenza, ziqokomisa ubuthakathaka obuyisisekelo. Isidingo sokuthuthukisa ukumelana ne-UV, kunokuba sibe nakho ngokwemvelo, senza i-polyurethane ibe sengozini uma iqhathaniswa ne-silicone ezinhlotsheni eziningi zezicelo ezivezwe elangeni.

Isigaba 3 Somjikelezo Wokuphila: Ukusebenza Nokuphila Isikhathi Eside

Izindleko zangempela zemvelo ze-sealant zivela ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwayo. Umkhiqizo ohlulekayo ngaphambi kwesikhathi udala imfucuza eyengeziwe futhi usebenzise izinsiza ezengeziwe zokufaka esikhundleni. Ngakho-ke, ukuhlala isikhathi eside kuyisilinganiso esibalulekile sokusimama.

Inzuzo Yezemvelo Yokushintshwa Okuncane

Ukufakwa esikhundleni okumbalwa kuhumushela ngqo emthonjeni omncane wemvelo.Isivalo se-Silicone Esinobungani Nemveloiphumelela kakhulu kule ndawo. Ama-sealant e-silicone asezingeni eliphezulu angasebenza iminyaka engama-20 noma ngaphezulu, ngisho nasezimweni ezinzima. Lokhu kuqina okumangalisayo kunciphisa umjikelezo wokususwa nokusetshenziswa kabusha. Ukushintshwa ngakunye okugwenywayo kusho ukuthi i-sealant endala ayiningi kakhulu eya endaweni yokulahla udoti futhi kunciphise izinto zokusetshenziswa namandla asetshenziswayo ukukhiqiza imikhiqizo emisha.

Lokhu kucabanga kwesikhathi eside kuhambisana nemikhuba yokulungisa esimeme. Ukutshala imali ezintweni ezihlala isikhathi eside kusukela ekuqaleni kuvimbela ukulungiswa okuphuthumayo okubizayo nokudinga izinsiza eziningi kamuva.

Kuyo yonke idola esetshenziswa ekufakeni i-caulking yekhwalithi ephezulu kanye nokufakwa kobungcweti, abanikazi bezindawo bangonga cishe amaRandi angu-4-6 ezindlekweni zokulungisa ezingaba khona eminyakeni eyishumi ezayo.

Ukukhetha i-sealant ehlala isikhathi eside kuwukutshala imali kokubili empilweni yezezimali kanye nemvelo. Kunciphisa izindleko zokusebenza zesikhathi eside futhi konga izinsiza ezibalulekile.

Lapho Ukuqina Kwe-Polyurethane Kudingeka

Nakuba i-silicone inikeza ukumelana nesimo sezulu okuphezulu, i-polyurethane inikeza ukuqina okungenakuqhathaniswa kwezicelo ezithile nezidinga kakhulu. Amandla ayo aphezulu okudabuka kanye nokumelana nokuklwebheka kwenza kube ukukhetha okuhle kakhulu kwamalunga avundlile ahamba kakhulu. Kulezi zimo, ukuqina kwe-polyurethane kuba yinzuzo yayo ebalulekile emvelweni.

Ama-polyurethane sealant enzelwe izindawo ezibekezelela ukucindezeleka ngokomzimba okuqhubekayo:

·Ukwandiswa nokulawulwa kwamalunga phansi kwekhonkrithi

·Indawo yokugcina impahla kanye nephansi lasefektri

·Amagaraji okupaka kanye nezindlela zokungena

Ukusebenzisa i-sealant engaqinile kangako kulezi zindawo ezinabantu abaningi kuzoholela ekuhlulekeni okusheshayo, ukushintshwa njalo, kanye nokuchitha imali okuningi. Kulezi zinhlelo zokusebenza ezithile, ikhono le-polyurethane lokubekezelela ukuguguleka kanye nokuvaleka liqinisekisa impilo yesevisi ende, okwenza kube inketho eqhubekayo lapho ukuqina komshini kuyisidingo esiyinhloko.

Isigaba 4 Somjikelezo Wokuphila: Ukuphela Kokulahlwa Kwempilo

Isigaba sokugcina somjikelezo wokuphila kwe-sealant ukulahlwa kwayo. I-silicone noma i-polyurethane aziboli, ngakho-ke ukuziphatha kwazo endaweni yokulahla udoti kuyinto ebalulekile ekucabangeni kwemvelo. Ukuzinza kwazo ngamakhemikhali kanye nekhono lokuphinda zisetshenziswe kudala izimo ezahlukene zokuphela kokuphila.

I-Silicone endaweni yokulahla udoti

Ama-silicone sealant awasebenzi ngamakhemikhali. Lokhu kuzinza kusho ukuthi awaqhekeki abe izinto eziyingozi noma akhiphe ubuthi enhlabathini nasemanzini angaphansi komhlaba. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kuzinza okufanayo kuwenza ahlale isikhathi eside emvelweni. Ama-silicone polymers angathatha noma yikuphi kusukela eminyakeni engama-50 kuya kwengama-500 ukubola endaweni yokulahla udoti, okufaka isandla ekuqongeleleni imfucuza isikhathi eside.

Nakuba imfucuza ye-silicone ihlala isikhathi eside, ukungakwazi kwayo ukusebenza kahle kwenza ibe khona endaweni yokulahla udoti uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye ipulasitiki.

Ukuvuselela i-silicone ngemuva kokusetshenziswa kuyinselele kodwa kuyathuthuka. Izixazululo ezintsha zinikeza indlela eya emnothweni ojikelezayo:

·Izinkampani ezikhethekile kanye nabanye abakhiqizi sebeqala ukuqoqa imikhiqizo ye-silicone ethengiwe ngemuva kokuthengwa.

·Izinhlelo zokuhlunga zerobhothi ezithuthukisiwe, njengalezo zaseJalimane, manje sezingakwazi ukubona nokuhlukanisa ama-cartridge e-silicone kumfucuza wepulasitiki oxubile.

·Izindlela ezintsha zokuzwa amakhemikhali kanye nemibono yokuwahlukanisa emikhiqizweni efana nengilazi yokuvikela umswakama zihlose ukubuyisa i-silicone ukuze isetshenziswe kabusha noma isetshenziswe kabusha.

I-Polyurethane endaweni yokulahla udoti

I-polyurethane iveza ingozi enkulu kakhulu emvelweni ekupheleni kwayo. Amanethiwekhi e-polymer aqinile, axhumene kahle ayinika amandla nawo enza kube nzima kakhulu ukuphinda asetshenziswe ngezindlela ezivamile. Njengoba i-polyurethane yonakala kancane kancane endaweni yokulahla udoti, ingakhipha amakhemikhali anobuthi. Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi lokhu konakala kungakhipha izinto eziyingozi, okuhlanganisa ne-carcinogen 2,4-diaminotoluene.

Ubunzima bokusebenzisa kabusha buvame ukuholela ekunciphiseni ukusetshenziswa kabusha, lapho izinto zilahlekelwa khona ikhwalithi kanye nenani. Kodwa-ke, abacwaningi bathuthukisa ngenkuthalo izindlela zokusebenzisa kabusha ezithuthukisiwe ukuze babhekane nalokhu.

·Ukuvuselelwa Kwamakhemikhali: Izinqubo ezifana ne-acidolysis zingaphula i-polyurethane zibe ama-monomer ayo okuqala, okuvumela ukuthi ziphinde zisetshenziswe zibe izinto ezintsha, ezisezingeni eliphezulu.

·Ukuvuselelwa Kwe-Thermochemical: I-Pyrolysis isebenzisa ukushisa endaweni engenawo umoya-mpilo ukuguqula imfucuza ye-polyurethane ibe amagesi awusizo, uketshezi, kanye nezinto eziqinile.

Lezi zindlela ezintsha zinesithembiso sokuguqula i-polyurethane kusuka kumkhiqizo "wokusebenzisa nokulahla" oqondile ibe ngumkhiqizo ojikelezayo.

Kumaphrojekthi amaningi avamile, i-Silicone Sealant Enobungani Nemvelo iyona ekhethwayo eluhlaza. Imvelaphi yayo esuselwe esihlabathini, ukukhishwa kwayo okuphansi kwe-VOC, kanye nesikhathi sayo sokuphila esiyingqayizivele kuyinika indawo encane yemvelo. Ukuphila isikhathi eside kwe-silicone kunciphisa ngqo ukusetshenziswa kwemfucuza yesikhathi eside kanye nezinsizakusebenza, okuyisici esibalulekile ekuqinisekisweni kwayo okuluhlaza. Ukusebenzisa i-Silicone Sealant Enobungani Nemvelo Enobungani Nemvelo Enobungani Nemvelo kusiza amaphrojekthi ukuthola amakhredithi ngaphansi kwezitifiketi ezinkulu zokwakha eziluhlaza.

·LEED

·I-BREEAM

· Ama-Green Globes

Ukuze uthole umthelela omncane kakhulu kwezemvelo ekuvaleni okuvamile, khetha i-VOC ephansi engu-100%.isivalo se-siliconekusuka kubakhiqizi abaphambili njengoDow, Sika, noma Wacker

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

Yisiphi isivali esinobungani nemvelo?

I-SiliconeNgokuvamile kuyindlela eluhlaza kakhulu. Izinzuzo zayo zifaka phakathi imvelaphi esuselwe esihlabathini, ukukhishwa kwe-VOC okuphansi, kanye nokuqina okuphezulu. Lokhu kuphila isikhathi eside kunciphisa imfucuza kanye nesidingo sokufakwa esikhundleni, kunciphisa umthelela wayo jikelele kwezemvelo uma kuqhathaniswa ne-polyurethane esuselwe kuphethiloli.

Ingabe i-polyurethane iyindlela eluhlaza kunazo zonke?

Yebo, ngezinhlelo zokusebenza ezithile ezinabantu abaningi. Ukuqina okungenakuqhathaniswa kwe-polyurethane kulungele phansi kwendlu yokugcina impahla noma imigwaqo yokungena. Ukuqina kwayo kulezi zilungiselelo kuvimbela ukulungiswa okuvamile, okwenza kube inketho eqhubekayo lapho kudingeka khona ukumelana nokuguguleka okukhulu.

 

Ingabe ama-VOC yiwona kuphela ayinkinga yezempilo ngama-sealant?

Cha, amanye amakhemikhali ayingozi. Ama-polyurethane sealant aqukethe ama-isocyanates, aziwa ngokuthi ama-respiration sensitivities. Lawa ma-compound adala izingozi ezinkulu zempilo ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa ezingekho emikhiqizweni eminingi ye-silicone ene-VOC ephansi, okwenza i-silicone ibe ukukhetha okuphephile kwabafakeli.

Ngingakwazi yini ukuphinda ngisebenzise amashubhu amadala okuvala?

Izinketho zokusebenzisa kabusha ama-sealant asetshenzisiwe zisathuthuka. Ezinye izikhungo ezikhethekile kanye nabakhiqizi sebeqala ukwamukela i-silicone yangemva kokusetshenziswa. Abasebenzisi kufanele bahlale bexhumana neziphathimandla zabo zokuphatha imfucuza zasendaweni ukuze bathole iziqondiso zakamuva zokulahla imfucuza endaweni yabo.